How can extreme weather impact electrical grid operations?

Extreme weather can significantly affect electrical grid operations primarily by increasing demand and damaging infrastructure. During events such as heatwaves or cold snaps, the demand for electricity often spikes as consumers rely more heavily on heating or cooling systems. This increased demand can strain the grid and potentially lead to outages if the capacity is not adequately managed.

Additionally, severe weather events, such as storms, hurricanes, or heavy snowfall, can cause substantial physical damage to the grid's infrastructure. This includes downed power lines, broken utility poles, and damage to substations, all of which can disrupt power supply and take considerable time and resources to repair. The combination of high demand and damaged infrastructure can create critical challenges for grid operators trying to maintain reliable electricity delivery during extreme weather conditions.