How does Alternating Current (AC) differ from Direct Current (DC)?

Alternating Current (AC) differs from Direct Current (DC) primarily in how the current flows. In AC, the flow of electric charge periodically changes direction, oscillating back and forth. This oscillation allows the voltage to also alternate, typically following a sine wave pattern. In contrast, DC flows in only one direction, providing a constant voltage or current.

This fundamental characteristic of AC makes it particularly suitable for powering homes and industries, where changes in voltage levels can be easily managed for efficient power transmission. Additionally, AC can be transformed to different voltage levels using transformers, which is essential for long-distance power transmission, making it more practical for electrical grids.

Overall, the periodic change in direction of AC distinguishes it from DC, which maintains a unidirectional flow. Understanding this difference is crucial for grasping how various electrical systems operate and their applications in real-world scenarios.