What is the term for the maximum voltage achieved in a sine wave?

The term for the maximum voltage achieved in a sine wave is referred to as peak voltage. In the context of alternating current (AC) waveforms, the peak voltage represents the highest value that the voltage reaches during one cycle of the sine wave. This is important because it provides insights into the maximum potential of the voltage source and has implications for the design and operation of electrical systems, as components must be rated to handle these peak values.

Effective voltage, on the other hand, refers to the root mean square (RMS) value, which is different as it represents a voltage value that delivers the same power as a direct current (DC) voltage. Instantaneous voltage reflects the voltage at a specific moment in time along the sine wave and does not denote a maximum. Average voltage, calculated over one complete cycle of the sine wave, typically results in a lower value than the peak voltage and is not specifically at the maximum level. Thus, peak voltage is the accurate descriptor for the highest voltage point in a sine wave.