Where in the electrical system does voltage get stepped up?

Voltage is stepped up primarily at the generation substation. This is a key function of transformers within the electrical system. At the generation substation, the voltage is increased to a much higher level for efficient long-distance transmission. Higher voltages allow electricity to be transmitted over long distances with reduced losses due to resistance in the wires.

As electricity leaves the power plant, it's typically generated at a lower voltage suitable for generation, but once it reaches the generation substation, transformers boost this voltage before it enters the transmission system. This step is vital to ensure that the energy produced can move efficiently through the grid and reach distribution areas without significant energy loss.